Congenital Heart Disease NCLEX Questions: A Comprehensive Guide for Nursing Professionals delves into the intricate world of congenital heart disease (CHD), providing a thorough understanding of its assessment, management, and nursing care. This guide serves as an invaluable resource for nurses seeking to expand their knowledge and enhance their clinical practice in caring for patients with CHD.
Throughout this guide, we will explore the basics of CHD, including its definition, prevalence, causes, risk factors, and various types. We will delve into the nursing assessment process, encompassing physical examination, history taking, and diagnostic tests. Additionally, we will discuss the principles of nursing management, covering medication administration, oxygen therapy, monitoring, and the crucial role of patient education and support.
1. Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) Basics
Congenital heart disease (CHD) refers to structural abnormalities of the heart and blood vessels present at birth. It is a common birth defect, affecting approximately 1 in 100 live births.
Causes and Risk Factors of CHD, Congenital heart disease nclex questions
- Genetic factors
- Environmental factors, such as maternal infections during pregnancy
- Certain medications taken during pregnancy
- Maternal diabetes
Types of CHDs
- Atrial septal defect (ASD):A hole between the atria (upper chambers of the heart)
- Ventricular septal defect (VSD):A hole between the ventricles (lower chambers of the heart)
- Tetralogy of Fallot:A combination of four heart defects, including a VSD, pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy
- Transposition of the great arteries:The aorta and pulmonary artery are switched, resulting in oxygen-poor blood being pumped to the body
Symptoms and Complications of CHDs
- Cyanosis (bluish skin, lips, or nail beds)
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue
- Heart murmurs
- Developmental delays
- Increased risk of infection
Query Resolution: Congenital Heart Disease Nclex Questions
What is the most common type of congenital heart defect?
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
What are the signs and symptoms of congenital heart disease?
Cyanosis, shortness of breath, fatigue, poor feeding, and failure to thrive
What is the treatment for congenital heart disease?
Treatment options include medications, surgical interventions, and interventional catheter procedures
